PROGRAMA N°27 Cien años de Radio ESTRATEGIA SOCIAL 89 3 DIVERSIDAD FM

Uruguay is celebrating 100 years of radio. It was the second country in the world to have stable transmissions, after the United States and before the United Kingdom. The first radio stations were General Electric and Radio Paradisaval. Radio Paradisaval became the first radio station in South America and started broadcasting on November 6, 1922. The radio played a significant role in politics and football. Over the years, radio technology evolved from Galena radios to valves and speakers, and then to transistors. Radio continues to be an important means of communication in Uruguay. Hello, hello friends, how are you? We begin another edition of what is Social Strategy here in the air of 89.3 FM. We want to greet our dear audience today in the program number 27 of what is Social Strategy, a cultural program made for you. Of course, made for you who are on the other side of the receptor. Tomorrow morning joining us here in the center of the country of what is Social Strategy, we begin to share everything we are going to talk about today, Ismael. We already introduced Ismael. Good morning, Ismael Dario Fumero, José Luis. Here again with pleasure a new program. We present different topics for the audience, for all. This is a cultural program, as we said, made for and for people. Again, with a topic that we refer to a date that is approaching, the next November, the next Sunday, which is about... Uruguayan radio. It is 100 years of radio, that is, the beginning of the radio in Uruguay, back in 1922. Well, on that topic we are going to develop the program. And well, we have sought information and we transfer all knowledge and at the same time we share this celebration, which is very important, that we are integrated as speakers, as communicators, and you as listeners, so that you have all the information about what is related to all communication. We have it here in the Social Strategy. We deal with topics that are current, dynamic, Ismael. And well, somehow today in the program 27, a very nice program, because it is what conjures us, the speakers, communicators, not only radio, but also television press. Also, of course, because it started with the radio, but it was expanding to the image, and later on, there was also that explosion of the invention of television, which is another topic, but it has to do with communication. And this is radio, which is magical, because it really transports us to stories, to events, to situations in which we are full participants of all this. We want to say hello to our colleagues on the radio, to all the people of 89.3, to all the music programmers, to the radio directors, Jacobo Mejerces, Carlos González, to Santiago Batista, from Addición Tropical, to the girls from Pasión Radial de Sábado, to Martín Sabundes, to Otro Miguel, to Carlos, to María, to Andrea, to listeners of this Social Strategy, to listeners of this cultural program, which today will be talking about nothing more and nothing less than Uruguayan radio, in our program number 27. And so, as you said, a warm greeting to our colleagues on the radio. We invite you to tune in to Pasión Radial de Sábado, which is broadcast on Saturdays from 10 a.m. with Santiago Batista, also on Tuesdays at 2 p.m. until 7 p.m. with Addición Tropical. Well, our friends on the radio, a greeting to them, as you said, José Luis, also a greeting to my family, who are the ones who motivate me, who also drive me to reach these media, and to be able to share this work table, all the radio instances. At this moment, I'm enjoying this, I'm new, because we really launched, just a few months ago, with this new program, but well, the radio symbolizes for us the best, the maximum. Yes, because imagine that a radio medium is not only heard, well, we'll have the history of what music was and all this radio phonics, but imagine that radio is a conjugation of nothing more and nothing less than imagination, because always when we listen to the radio, as we speak, outside the microphone, in several programs, that one imagines a person in a way, and really this is another, physiognomically, the way of being, the way of thinking, and it seems to me that there is also the trick that radio has, which is all imagination. Yes, yes, regardless of the image, it makes the listener imagine and have that inventiveness of listening and of imagining what is behind all that, well, it seems to me that this is part of the magic, not only the voice and the word, but also that imagination, so, well, without a doubt, to highlight that, which is what keeps the radio alive for so long, for 100 years in Uruguay, and it will continue to be present. Then we will have a line of all information regarding the stations, the ones that were started at that time, the ones that continued, with data from Uruguay's radio stations, from Durazno's, so, well, we will have a wide spectrum of information. Of course, yes, Maestro, everything that, well, conjugates the magic of what radio is, when it starts, who started it in Uruguay, which is already a century, it is already in the air, if nothing less, a century, it seems a lie, but Uruguay's radio station was one of the first in the world. Yes, and after the United States, in America, the first, and before the United Kingdom, well, Tosca will tell you, that information we have there, it is incredible, we always innovating, a small country, but with an imagination, an incredible inventiveness, this is true, it is true, it was the first Uruguayan radio station to broadcast at a continental level, and with the means at that time, which were very limited, but well, we will develop that. And very primitive, right, Maestro? And very primitive, without a doubt. Yes, obviously, it is something that, many years ago, was based on the national and also on the international, because these radios not only broadcast to Uruguay, but to the basin of the Plate and all of South America, Latin America, already at some time, there will be the information, which were one of the first AM radios, which began to broadcast, if nothing less, from here to Rio de la Plata, Montevideo, Uruguay's national capital. Well, so, go ahead. Uruguay's National Capital Uruguay's National Capital Uruguay's National Capital Uruguay's National Capital Uruguay's National Capital Uruguay's National Capital Uruguay's National Capital A century of radio in Uruguay, the beginnings. An article by Mauricio Almada published in the state insurance bank's almanac, in occasion of celebrating a new anniversary of the first radio in Uruguay the next November 6th. Mauricio Almada is a science professor of communication. After 40 years in radio telephony, he currently conducts the program Just and Sinners in public radios. He also practiced journalism in the press, television and portals. He has been a teacher at the Catholic University, at the University of Orti and at ANET. This year, 2022, the radio is celebrating its first century of life in Uruguay, and it maintains an undisputed presence in the vertiginous world of communications. He tells us, in the midst of the relentless advance of social networks, podcasts and the multiple audiovisual platforms to communicate with us, the radio is still so active 100 years after having started its broadcasts in the country. The human voice, music and sounds continue to be a direct connection with our emotions, without the distraction of the image already created, which allows the imagination to continue flying without limits. In 1922 the birth of Uruguayan radio took place. Unlike what happened with other media that took a long time to arrive, this landed early. Uruguay was the second country in the world to put stable transmissions into the air, after the United States and before the United Kingdom. In that early birth of Uruguayan radio, several factors were involved, among which the chance was not absent, but above all it is explained by the ingenuity, the commitment and the ability of its pioneers. To this day it is discussed whether the first radio was the broadcaster of the General Electric company, or whether it was Radio Paradisabal, whose fruitful and ephemeral life was cut short with the total fire of its equipment and facilities. It does not matter if for a few days or for a few weeks the first radio was one or the other. We are interested in the origin and awakening of this means of communication that over the century has led Uruguay to have an important amount of radios per square kilometer and per number of inhabitants. In August 1922, Radio Paradisabal and General Electric Radio were already in the air. Emilio Elena, who was manager and president of the General Electric board, and his collaborator Claudio Zappelli had made the first stable transmission, with a mix of music and words, on August 15, 1922, with the transmitter of the company they had in Montevideo, as Constancia and Defonso Becero left in their book The Radio and the Television of the Pioneers. It happened that in Uruguay the radio was born backwards. First radio receivers were imported and then the first radios were created. Emilio Elena told that General Electric had begun to be interested in items for the home that used electricity, and the radio was one of the first. We brought a number of devices, some of galena that could only be heard by phone. And when that came up, the absolute need to achieve a transmission element that did not exist arose. We had to feed those receivers, said Elena to Rubén Castillo, in an interview for his book, Silence, we are in the air. To feed the devices they had bought abroad was that it was experimented with the first emissions of General Electric. Very close was the beginning of the first radio station thought as such, Radio Paradisaval. The merchant Sebastián Paradisaval bought a General Electric transmitter and launched the ambitious project of flooding the air of all South America with its own station. The circumstances in which Paradisaval bought the equipment were somewhat particular that the transmitter had been sent to Rio de Janeiro for an exhibition on radio telephony. However, they never disembarked it because there were suspicions about the military use that could be given. So it was that they derived it to Buenos Aires, where they did not receive it either. Finally disembarked in Montevideo, Paradisaval saw the opportunity and bought it and installed the studios, the transmitter and the antenna on the roof of the Hotel Florida, in Andes and Colonia, from where the whole city was seen and where the antenna effectively flooded the four winds. The Uruguayan world magazine, in its edition of November 9, 1922, published a highlighted notice saying, the two wireless telephone transmitters are already working General Electric of Buenos Aires and Montevideo. This last property of Mr. Sebastian Paradisaval, which will be heard in almost the entire Republic. He bought a receiver of General Electric telephone radio. As soon as Radio Paradisaval appeared, General Electric took off to bring more powerful equipment. They ended up signing an agreement to transmit one radio a few days and the other the other, in a civilized competition that did not last forever. Radio Paradisaval formally began its broadcasts on November 6, 1922. The chronicle of the newspaper El Plata of the next day pointed out, yesterday afternoon the most powerful station of the installed was inaugurated until now in South America. El Plata's chronicler described the program of the station announcing that every day and now certain selected cultural and instructive programs, concerts, conferences, as well as a wide information program for the cities of the interior. On the same November 7, 1922, El Diario La Mañana published, yesterday at 5 pm, the new station was inaugurated Paradisaval radio telephone, installed by General Electric and owned by Mr. Sebastian Paradisaval. It is a first-rate station and with all the elements of that noble branch of science. As a commercial house, Paradisaval also played the purchase of Galena recipes and at the same time created in Uruguay the concept of broadcasting, radio broadcast, properly said. He saw on the radio the possibilities of a business and was a pioneer in South America in putting commercial advertising in the air. On the roof of the Hotel Florida he had his own speaker, Luis Diapiana, musicians, singers, a studio with good acoustics, microphone, gramophone, musical instruments. And outside, the antenna. A chronicler of the telephone magazine, of initials AMF, visited some time after its inauguration Radio Paradisaval and wrote, When the orchestra fell I said goodbye. And when I was going down the little ladder, I heard the voice of Diapiana singing El Rey del Cabaret. When we turned the corner, the towers of the antenna appeared to me as if scratching the sky. And I thought that these towers are the highest step achieved by man in his march of progress and I imagined thousands and thousands of men, disillusioned all over America, hearing in unison this transmitter station that I had just visited with the speed of a bus. In that fertile 1922 Uruguayan radio telephony would be marked by two facts that would become a trend on the radio of the coming century, football and politics. The first was the broadcast that the General Electric Radio did on October 10 a party of the Uruguayan national team in the South American football that was played in Rio de Janeiro. Claudio Sapelli settled on the roof of the Solís theater to report with the information that came to him through sporadic cables of the Westinghouse company and with a lot of imagination, that party that was not watching. But it was much more the people who crowded in front of the Solís and who filled the Independence Square to listen by megaphone the transmission than those who had radio receivers. Since then football would not stop occupying spaces in the Uruguayan ether. Another significant mark of those early days of the radio occurred in politics and left the first transmission that made radio paradise to that of a speech by José Batlle and Ordoñez. It happened on November 13, 1922 and, according to Emilio Elena, everything suggests that Uruguay was the first country to use radio broadcast as a means of political propaganda. After the Galena radio came the radio to valves and speaker and then the radio to transistor, which led her from a physical place to definitely move to where the listener determined it. What followed the action of the pioneers of 1922 were 100 years of a means of communication that continues to the vanguard, speaking to the heart of the Uruguayans and throughout the national territory and the whole world through the Internet. The Uruguayan radio was the first to be broadcast in the United States. It was the first radio broadcast in the United States. It was the first radio broadcast in the United States. This is Picapirra, offering you quince, five-year-old, eatable, chicken, drinks in general. We are in Calle Encina, in front of Plaza Artigas. Remember that we have an extended schedule from 6.30 to 22 hours. Contact us through the phone 413-272-30. This is Picapirra. We look forward to your kind and warm attention. Now in Durazno we have the company Espacios Verdes. Works are being carried out for state companies, land cleaning and maintenance, parks, ponds and fruit trees, house plumbing, ponds, cabins for flies, mosquitoes and all kinds of insects, football fields maintenance, tractor, affiliated chains of chainsaws, active products and routes. We are in Tapurro 1040, Casi, Leandro Gómez. Or to the phones 4362-5302, 4362-5660, or to the phones 094-359-737 or 098-850-232. Espacios Verdes. In CEP we accompany your passion. Join now and take an official Puma shirt from Uruguay for free. If you want to live this World Cup with the most beautiful, the most beautiful, the most beautiful TV of the year, call now 4362-9563. And if you are already a member, you automatically participate in exclusive shirt raffles and much more. CEP, with you and your passion. Almas en la Escuelita offers you a varied offer of merchandise. We wait for you at your door 775. Almas en la Escuelita. Reparaciones MG, Gustavo Godoy, bomb repairs, diesel injectors, electronic injection, electronic injector repairs. We are waiting for you at Circunvalación Avenue 267 in Barrila, or to the phones 4362-7733 or to the phones 098-849-954. Reparaciones MG, by Gustavo Godoy. Dr. Nicolás Irasabal Caleri, lawyer. He deals with all cases, except for criminal law. Contact him to coordinate a visit or consultation through the phone 099-359-670 or in his studio on General Estigas Street 482, Office 03, Uruguay. Dr. Nicolás Irasabal Caleri, lawyer. We are waiting for you. We continue with Diversidad FM 89.3. This is Social Strategy. We were enjoying here information about the radio, the beginning of Uruguayan radio. Interesting, very demonstrative of what it is and has meant for all of us, the radio and what it is, what has come currently. So, well, we have to comment this and also add more information. Yes, well, we were listening carefully to the report that Uruguay was one of the first radios in Uruguay, without a doubt, it was called in 1922. In 1922, when the first official transmission for all of America was started on November 6, 1922, which then, together with General Electric, installs a second station in Buenos Aires, but we are the first. Of course, without a doubt, for Uruguay it was a very important achievement, because as you heard in the report, it was not only a radio that somehow had its footsteps, because it goes, its transmitters and equipment, to other accounts in Brazil and Argentina, and it lands here in Uruguay and the equipment is installed, and then on November 6, 1922, it begins to transmit for all of Latin America. Yes, and also making that report, that is, testimonies of how all that was produced, that way of installing the equipment, and notice how curious that transmitter wandered in different places and in different countries to end up here in Uruguay, in Montevideo, and find the manager of General Electric, who was in charge of providing domestic items, and as a curious thing too, the first thing that came up was the purchase, or the sale by this company, of transmitters, and the transmission that could capture the radio emission was missing. It was like a doubt that there was in Germany, while you had some way of installing them there. Yes, I had that doubt, I say that I had those uncertainties, if it could be used militarily, but those things that today are natural and normal, at that time they were new things, and unknown things. And that did not favor today, because Uruguay becomes a very important radio in the world, because imagine that it is the second radio that is installed in Uruguay in the world, after the United Kingdom, after the United Kingdom, and the media reports it, and Uruguay has to be happy, and very grateful to all the media, not only national but international, this is at a national level, as we explained on November 23, it is at a national level that Uruguay celebrates its 100th anniversary, nothing more and nothing less than its Uruguayan radio station. What else to add? General Electric was one of the important brands that bet, and well, it bet that the first teams were here in Uruguay, and General Electric, a well-known brand in the world. Yes, well, and with that radio they paralyzed, because that was the last name of the one who managed it, it started with those precarious teams, and well, and it also spoke of the Galena radio, which I did not know, but I have had information that it was a very rudimentary apparatus, with a coil that was induced with a metal core, and that allowed to capture radio waves, and so it was heard with a headset, that is, we are not talking about speakers, we are talking about very primitive equipment, which allowed at that time to begin to tune the emissions of this radio paralyzed. Then, well, with those receivers, obviously people had at their disposal the whole range of programs that began, which were oriented to music, and also to different information. There was a magazine that was printed weekly, informing about the programming of the radio. That's how it really started. And it was not only the first radio in Latin America, in Uruguay, obviously, and there we heard the report, which we have also collected, which was also the first radio that broadcast politics, with José Valle Vergones, who was there, and well, not only that, but also football, which is paradoxical, and politics. The two things somehow converge there, so that Radio Uruguay was such an important radio in those years. Yes, it was an icon for us, and it is what identifies us. We know that for so many years, remote, politics and football have been a passion. Yes, I have said it. And well, he also makes that comment that from the roof of the museum, which today would be the Zabala Muniz Museum, which is next to the Solís Theater, well, there the football games were broadcast, and it had a lot to do with this initiative of Radio Paradisaban, which gathered a lot of people, and according to testimonies, not only radio, but photos, images, which testify that Plaza Independencia was filled with people in a game of Uruguay in Brazil. It's amazing, but what is the magic of the radio, right? How far have we come, and how far all the radios have come? The times have changed, obviously, there is more certification, and in the final reports we will continue to comment on what is this Uruguayan radio. Another fact that I wanted to tell you, and well, for example, a great of the music of the tango, a great ballerina, Carlos Arre, Carlos Arre, nothing more, also at that time, in 1922, you heard your tangos there, right? Yes, the opportunity that the radio starts, Carlos Gardel was already recording, obviously, right? He already had his artistic career, and back in 1922, a song was already being broadcast on this radio, because it is not a tango, it is called estilo, what a beautiful time that, interpreted by, we are going to listen to it in this program, later, it was being broadcast, incredible, that those songs, those tangos, by Gardel, on this radio, which was really the diffusion that was here in Uruguay, because the artistic career began and strengthened in Argentina, as we know that all our Uruguayan artists have their prominence in that environment of Buenos Aires, well, but here in Uruguay, through the radio broadcast, it came with more influence on people, all that career of our Sorsal Criollo. And the quality of the sound was not so good, but it was, as you commented there, that it was broadcast very precariously in football games, it was also pure imagination, because there the report says that in some way the speaker listened to the wave that came to him on the phone, and there he broadcast it and imagined how it was played, right? Yes, exactly. Today it is the same, but obviously, very precariously. It is incredible that, well, for us it is incredible, at that time, it was the media that existed, from that roof of the museum we were talking about at that time, with a megaphone, it broadcasted what came by phone from a Uruguayan party in Brazil. And well, I don't know, they were things that... Wonderful images. Wonderful. Yes, yes, yes. And imagine what importance the radio will be, well, the media, they are the fourth power in the world, right? The legislative power, the judicial power, the legislative power, and the power of the press media. The press media. Really, well, what else to tell you, well, there in the information, it also said that, well, that it surpassed the United Kingdom in its time, really, because we were the pioneers, let's say, of radio, not only national, but worldwide. And well, that is without a doubt to highlight, and the transformations that communication, radio, has had, how to call, to call radio, because it is a combination of networks with radio, in which now, today, all those obsolete teams that used that radio to make a living, are evolving into newer, more modern teams, with greater fidelity, and to the point of being able to transmit from the street, to leave the studio, and through a cell phone, to be able to make a program, to transmit, to bring live a whole broadcast of a program, the instances, very punctual events, and that has allowed the radio, as it emerged, to evolve, and well, and now reach a technology that surpasses... In the cell phone, there can be a football broadcast, a live television broadcast, and that is how it is done. Yes, it is done, but today, the cell phone, well, the cell phone, practically, there are people who say, it saves my life, for us, the broadcasters, the communicators, it really is a very good tool of work, because you take it, in some way, you walk with it, portably, it is for everywhere, like all people, not only for messages, but to transmit, for us to work, which is very important, how the times have changed, not many years, I mean, imagine that, well, time flies, let's say, but, I mean, also what we can comment, and say, also, with good hands, with good sources, what we commented there, not to forget, that this radio burned, the Parade de Sábales, the radio, I mean, of Parade de Sábales... Yes, it had a... it was a finery passage, unfortunately, in those times, very precarious, the facilities, the electrical part, the facilities, it worked, apart from the broadcaster, in a roof, there they had the studios, well, it was a very finery passage, very iconic, this really, little is said, little is spoken, but in this celebration opportunity, it is what has to be said, the first radio, Parade de Sábales, in Uruguay, then came others, and El Espectador, which was ostentatious, today, in La Sierra Primera, well, but its predecessor, and El Punta Pies, was given by this broadcaster. But, well, we were with the issue of the evolution of the radio, and the transformations it has had. And in the middle, here in the middle, today, in Durazno, how many modulated radio stations do you have? Well... Because there it is, I will explain it also for those who do not know, modulated amplitude, the radio AM, that's why it's AM, modulated amplitude, and the modulated frequency, obviously it says, FM, that is, frequency that is modulated, in some way, to the sound quality. Well, what do you think if we get to that current issue, after the commercials? We are going to a little break, here on social networks, we are talking about the issue of... Uruguayan radio. Uruguayan radio, in Uruguay, a very good issue, a very important issue, that this next Sunday, November 6, is being celebrated its 100th anniversary, here, in Uruguay, a topic that, if you like, follow after the break, listen to it, we will go to the commercials, and then we will return. This is Picapira, offering you, quince, gold, edible, chicken, drinks, in general, is in Calle Encina, in front of Plaza Artigas. Remember that we have an extended schedule, from 6.30 to 22 hours. Contact us through the phone number 41327230. Quiesco, Picapira, we are waiting for you with a pleasant and warm attention. Now, in Durazno, the company Espacios Verdes arrived. Works are being carried out for state companies, cleaning and maintenance of land, parks, pottery, and fruit trees, house plumbing, ponds, cabins for mosquitos, and all kinds of insects. Football fields maintenance, tractor, chains of chainsaws, active corrupt and corrupt, we are in Tapurro 1040, Casi, Leandro Gómez, or to the phones 41325302, 41325660, or to the phones 094359737, or 098850232. Espacios Verdes. We accompany your passion. Join now and take an official Uruguayan smoke shirt for free. 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