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French psychology in the late 19th century focused on mental pathology through observations of abnormal psychology symptoms. Research was conducted in hospitals and asylums. This was due to limited funding and interest in psychology labs and professors in universities. Additionally, a German PhD was not recognized as equivalent to a French doctoral degree. Labs in France. Well, psychology in France took a different path. French scientists in the end of the 19th century were interested mostly in a so-called mental pathology based on the systematic observations of abnormal psychology symptoms. Most of their research took place in hospitals and mental asylums. These institutions were built to isolate and treat individuals whose behavior were deemed persistently inappropriate or dangerous. The reason for their interest in pathology was that the French system of higher education was centralized, which meant university departments had little money and interest in creating psychology laboratories or hiring full-time psychology professors. Also, another reason was that the French-speaking countries, and especially in France, the PhD obtained in Germany was not accepted as equivalent to a French doctoral degree.