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This video essay explores two different perspectives on human nature, the state of nature, and good governance. It compares the arguments of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, discussing the moral and material condition of humans before government and what people want, know, and are capable of. The essay assesses the strengths and weaknesses of both perspectives and determines which is more persuasive: the Hobbesian or Lockean view. Human nature. Billiard balls are benevolent beings. In this video essay, we will explain, compare, and assess two accounts of human nature, two accounts of the state of nature, and two very different reasons and justifications of good governance to follow. These two dynamically different arguments were penned by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, respectively. What we mean by the state of nature is the moral and material condition of humans before a government comes into being, and what we mean by human nature is what people want, know, and are capable of. We will include the merits and shortcomings of each argument and, overall, whether the Hobbesian or Lockean perspective is more persuasive.