Internal_Medicine_Medical_School_Crash_Course_Unabridged_26_A_T

This information discusses various medical terms and conditions, including dactyledema, decongestant, defibrillation, demyelination, dermatitis, desquamation, diabetes mellitus, dialysis, diarrhea, diastole, diathermy, DES, dilatation, diphtheria, diuretic, dyslexia, dyspepsia, dyspraxia, dystocia, dystonia, dystrophy, and dysuria. These terms cover a range of topics related to swelling, nasal congestion, heart rhythms, nerve damage, skin disorders, fibrous tissue growth, shedding of skin, diabetes, kidney function, digestion, reading and writing difficulties, stomach upset, impaired organ function, difficult labor, muscle conditions, and painful urination. Dactyledema, swelling of the fingers and or toes. Decongestant, an agent used to relieve stuffiness of the nose and or sinuses by shrinking the swollen membranes. Defibrillation, use of a tightly controlled electric shock to restart or normalize heart rhythms. Demyelination, removal of the myelin sheath from nerves. Dermabrasion, surgically rubbing off the top layer of skin with sandpaper or other methods to remove small scars, for example from acne, moles, tattoos or fine wrinkles. Dermatitis, inflammation of the skin. Dermatologist, one who studies and treats disorders of the skin. Desmoplasia, a growth of fibrous or connective tissue. Desquamation, normal shedding of the outer layers of skin. Dextrocardia, presence of the heart on the right side of the body. Diabetes mellitus or simply diabetes, a disorder caused by absence or insufficient production of insulin yielding elevated levels of sugar in the blood. Diabetes affects all systems in the body and should therefore be taken seriously. Besides treatment with insulin and a diet, exercise and weight loss are recommended as beneficial to diabetes patients. Dialysis, removing excess waste material from the blood due to the inability of the kidneys to excrete such waste. Diaphragm, the muscle used for breathing, located in the torso just below the lungs or any thin, flat membrane. Diarrhea, loose, sometimes explosively emitted stool. Can be a symptom of disease or simply too many peaches. Diastole, the time the heart relaxes. Diastolic, referring to the time during the heartbeat cycle when the heart relaxes. Diathermy, use of heat to destroy abnormal cells, also called cauterization. Diethylstilbesterol, DES, the first synthetic form of estrogen. It was widely prescribed in the 1950s and 60s to prevent miscarriages and premature births, but was later found to cause reproductive system abnormalities in the DES babies, including a greater risk of cervical and uterine cancer. Dilatation, enlargement or expansion as the opening of the pupil of the eye via drops. Dilation, same as dilatation. Dioxin, any of a number of poisonous petrochemicals produced when herbicides are made or when plastics are burned. Diphtheria, caused by bacterial infection. This acute disease begins with a sore throat and mild fever, then rapidly proceeds to include the entire upper respiratory tract. Very dangerous in children. It is one of the big three included in the usual DPT vaccination, diphtheria pertussis tetanus. Dipsyphobia, abnormal fear of drinking alcohol. Dystichiasis, double rows of eyelashes. Diuretic, an agent that removes excess water from the body through the kidneys. Diurnal, activity during the day as opposed to nocturnal activity during the night. Diverticulitis, infection of the diverticula or pockets of the large intestine. Diverticulosis, the condition of having developed diverticula in the colon, may lead to diverticulitis if constipation is a problem. Dorsal, referring to the back. Ductus arteriosus, an arterial shunt in the fetus where blood pumped from the heart through the pulmonary artery toward the lungs is diverted into the aorta. Normally the ductus arteriosus closes by itself, but in premature births it may still be open and add to complications from respiratory distress syndrome. Duodenum, the first part of the small intestine where peptic ulcers are found most often. Dysentery, inflammation of the intestine with accompanying pain, diarrhea, bloody stools and so on, caused by an amoeba. Dyskinesia, the presence of involuntary movements such as inchoria. Dyslexic, switching numbers or letters either in reading or writing. Example, the dyslexic atheist spent years denying the existence of dog. Dyspeptic, pertaining to dyspepsia, a general feeling of stomach upset or bloating. Dyspraxia, impaired or painful function of any organ of the body. Dystocia, abnormal or difficult labor or delivery. Dystonia, involuntary movements and or prolonged muscle contraction resulting in twisting body motions, tremor or abnormal posture. May be caused by something as simple as writer's cramp. Dystrophy, weakening or abnormal development of muscle. Dysuria, pain or difficulty when urinating.