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Good morning. Good morning. Good morning, everybody. Good morning. Good morning. Good morning. Uh... Today... Yes, everybody. Downstairs, everybody. What do you say? I'm back. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Who wants to share? What was more helpful to study prior to? I have Brianna. I have Ashley. I have Isabel. Isabel. Just like studying in a group. Study in a group? Yeah. Go through the study guide? Yeah. Ah. Okay. Go over the study guide. How many was your group? Four or five people. Okay. I have Brianna. Yes. I was going to say that you need to do the study guide on your own first. Before you start asking questions and stuff. And then see where it shows up. Okay. So, Brianna says that for her, it would be helpful to start with the study guide by herself. And then go talk to your buddies about like what is not clear, what should you study, and so forth. Thank you. And Ashley, correct? I think just like studying in a group as well as class management. Class management. Okay. Okay. So, studying in a group. Something that didn't work for you. I don't know. I have Heidi, Heidi, right? Studying in a group. It did not work for you? Why? I don't know. Okay. So, you were in a group and you didn't get what you needed from that group. Well, it's nice to hear that. Okay. So, I hear three in favor of studying in a group. One is and maybe all of you have your own opinion about that. I am actually in favor of studying in a group and having a buddy. I'm going to show you why. Last class, we had to explain the question. Don't think about it. We talked about lots of function mutations and gain-of-function mutations, terms of recipes, proto-optimisms, and what causes cancer. How are we treating cancer? And after that new lecture, I asked you to answer this question, right? And this was the result. There was no consensus. There was 43% on a B, right? And then, pretty much, please, let me finish. I didn't say anything else but talk to your neighbor, go over the different options, and play the game, right? And you clicked again, and now we have 70% in what in that question was correct. So, just by talking to your neighbor, 30 seconds, 30% of you shifted towards the more appropriate answer. So, I really encourage you to talk to your neighbor during the last class, and hopefully, the questions that we're asking here, and form groups. Find somebody from your lab session, or somebody that you know from another class, that you can actually make a functional study group, right? And we'll work on them both with you, and maybe there's somebody else out there that you can work with. Okay. Moving on to this part of the class. So, I said last Monday, right, that we still need to talk a little bit about the intentions and answers from the first day of the class. We're now moving on to the second day's topic. So, when we pop into the game, we're going to talk a little bit about these five core concepts we have. Structured function, which was represented up here with red cells, black cells. And we talked about structured function during the first quarter of the class. We're going to be moving on now to information flow, represented here in brownish with DNA. Next quarter, we're going to come back and talk a little bit about transformations of energy and matter. And then at the end, I'll be back with you guys talking about systems biology, and then evolution will be next semester in the fourth quarter. So, information flow. Why should we care about information flow? Well, pretty much information flow, where does it come from, right? How do you exist as a unique person right now? And what do you leave on Earth once you're gone, did you decide to have children? So, where we're going, where we've been. So, we've talked a lot about central bonding and gene expression, and this is the sort of information flow from DNA through RNA to evolution. So, the information in DNA is transcribed and translated, and finally to have a protein that will express that protein. We're going to talk about cell division. We're going to start talking about whole divisions today. How is information going from a parent's cell to its daughter's cell? I heard you were already talking about mitosis and mitosis in the lab, right? And then, at the end of this quarter, we're going to talk about inheritance. How is information passed from one iteration to the following? Okay, so, let's sit there. Okay, so, now whoever's quicker, let's get some temperature polls here about how we're changing information. The broader figure is 1% of cancer-causing patients are inherited from one parent. And the options are 100, 90, 50, 10, or 0%. Okay. Hmm. So, let's begin. Okay, 30 seconds for some beer and two beers. Okay, let's see where we're at. Uh-huh. What does this mean? 50%? Or 50%, right? Just flip a coin. 50% chance. That's usually the all-time and usually not a correct answer. We'll take a peek. I'm not saying that that's the wrong answer. Okay, 50% or 10%. Okay, let's move to the next one. Ah, what do we want here? So, I'm going to let you read it. And again, remember that read your questions carefully and the options. Okay. Okay. Okay, you have time to read the questions very carefully and read the options. And now we're going to open it. Okay, time to take it. I'm going to stop it there. Copy your name with 1, 2, and Y. I'm going to ask for a blue name. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10.